If you loved the movie Jurassic Park and have a passion for dinosaurs and fossils – being a Paleontologist is the job for you!  A Paleontologist is a scientist who studies the history of life on earth.  They explore and find evidence of ancient life, usually in sedimentary rock.  This can include remains of all kinds of organisms: animals and plants.  These studies explain how life on earth has reached its present state.

There are many specialised areas of paleontology:

• Invertebrate Paleontology:  is the study of invertebrate animal fossils (animals that don’t have bones)
• Vertebrate Paleontology:  is the study of vertebrate fossils (animals with bones – fish and mammals)
• Micropaleontology:  is the study of microscopic fossils
• Paleobotany:  is the study of fossil plants (fossil algae, fungi and land plants)
• Palynology:  is the study of pollen and spores (living and fossil)
• Paleoanthropology:  is the study of prehistoric humans
• Taphonomy:  is the study of decay and the formation of fossils
• Ichnology:  is the study of fossil tracks, trails, and footprints
• Paleoecology:  is the study of fossils to determine the ecology and climate of our past
• Biostratigraphy:  is the study of the vertical distribution of fossils in rocks

What does a Palaeontologist do?

• researching regions that might have bones and fossils
• fieldwork – including searching and discovery bones and fossils
• laboratory work – cleaning the discovered bones and fossils
  chemically analysing collections
• reconstructing and putting together structures and skeletons
• preparing exhibits
• writing scientific papers
• documenting theories based on findings
• teaching

Are you . . . ?

• interested in history?
• interested in biology?
• love dinosaurs and fossils?
• able to work on your own?
• love laboratory work?
• loves the outdoors?
• patient?
• methodical?
• love research?
• organised?
• good communicator (written and spoken)

How do I become a Palaeontologist?

Most students start off with a Bachelor of Science degree.  Most universities in SA offer this degree.  Choosing subjects from the Life Sciences (Botany, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Zoology, Marine Biology, Entomology, Ichthyology) and Earth Sciences (Geography, Geology and Environmental Science) will be beneficial.

Admission requirements could differ from one university to another.  Please check your chosen universities website for their requirements.

Minimum requirements:

• THE UNIVERSITY OF WITWATERSRAND

Is the only School in South Africa offering specialist Honours degrees in Palaeontology.

• RHODES UNIVERSITY

National Senior Certificate with:

English (Home Language or Additional Language) and another language both at rating 4 or above

Either Mathematics at rating 5 or above or Mathematical Literacy at rating 6 or above

Either Life Sciences at rating 4 or above or Physical Sciences at rating 4 or above

Life Orientation at rating 4 or above – but no points are scored for this subject

Any two other subjects (preferably one of which should be another science).

• UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA 

National Senior Certificate (NSC)
Mathematics: 5 (60%-69%)
Physical Science: 5 (60%-69%)
English or Afrikaans: 4 (50%-59%)
Additional language 4 (50%-59%)
Life Orientation: 4 (50%-59%) (Excluded when calculating the APS)
Two other subjects: 4 (50%-59%)
An Admission Points Score (APS) of 30

• UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN

National Senior Certificate with an APS of 435.
Mathematics 6 (70%)
Physical Science 5 (60%)
NBT in Mathematics, AL & QL to be written

BSc students can then do postgraduate degrees: Honours and PhD’s in specific subjects that you are interested in.

OTHER CAREERS TO CONSIDER: Archaeologist or Land Surveyor

Is becoming a Palaeontologist the right career choice for me?

See below for more info.

Archaeologists are anthropologist that explore and study ancient human remains, artefacts, architectural features and structures from excavations and underwater recovery processes, in order to reconstruct the record of past human life and culture.

What does an Archeologist do?

• fieldwork including, the identification of potential dig sites, excavation, record all discoveries, recovery and conservation of objects and structures
• research findings from sites in order to develop and test theories about the origin and development of past cultures
• study the recovered artefacts and structures
• recommend methods for site protection
• describe, authenticate, date and identify objects
• presenting and publishing reports in professional journals
• consult with other professionals

Are you . . . ?

• interested in history?
• inquisitive?
• thorough?
• detail orientated?
• self motivated?
• good at writing up reports?
• able work in remote places?
• able to work under extreme weather conditions?
• fit and healthy?

How do I become an Archeologist?

The following universities offering both undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in archaeology:

• UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND
• UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA
• UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA
• UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN

Generally it takes 3 years to get a BA or BSc with archaeology as a major while postgraduate qualifications vary according to the level of study.

Minimum requirements:  National Senior Certificate meeting degree requirements. These will differ from one institution to another.  Check your university of choice for more details.
Compulsory subjects: Mathematics, Physical Science
Recommended subjects:   History, Geography, Life Sciences

OTHER CAREERS TO CONSIDER: Palaeontology or Art Historian

Is becoming an Archeologist the right career choice for me?

See below for more info.